Wrench



(No Model.)

J. M. GOGHRAN.

WRENCH.

No. 597,762. Patented Jan. 25, 1898.

UNITED STATES LATENT rrrcn.

JAB'IES M. COCHRAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 597,762, dated January 25, 1898.

Application filed May 19, 1897. Serial No. 637,280. (No model.)

To a-ZZ 2072,0172, it may concern;

Be it known that 1', JAMES M. COCHRAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new, useful, and valuable Improvement in renches, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention has relation to wrenches; and it consists in the novel construction and arrangement of its parts, as hereinafter described.

The object of my invention is to provide a wrench having a stationary jaw and a movable jaw, said jaws being provided with oppositely-inclined serrated gripping-surfaces.

A further object of my invention is to mount the movable jaw on a suitable pivotal joint and to provide a spring adapted to hold the lower end of said jaw normally away from the handle.

The further object of my invention is to provide a collar adapted to receive the shank of the movable jaw, said collar having a cylindrical section adapted to enter a corresponding stationary recess and thus adapted to form a pivotal joint of maximum strength.

Figure 1 represents a side View of my improved pipe wrench. Fig. 2 represents a cross-section of the wrench at 2 2. Fig. 3 represents a top plan view of the pivoted collar. Fig. a represents a cross-section of the handle at 4 4. Fig. 5 represents a side view of a modification of the same wrench.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 represents the handle, which is provided with an eye 2, adapted to receive the flat screwthreaded shank 3 of the upper jaw 42. The opening 5 in the eye 2 is also adapted to receive the nut 63, which screws upon the shank 3 of the jaw 4., which is pivoted at 8.. The handle is also provided with a longitudinal slot 9, which incloses the spring 10. Said spring is attached at one end and is free at the other and holds the jaw & normally away from the handle.

11 is the pin for holding the spring in,place. The shank of the lower jaw 13 is held in a socket 14 by means of the pin 15. The upper jaw e is provided with the inwardly-directed serrations l6 and the lower jaw 13 with outwardly-directedserrations 1'7. The lower part of the eye 2 is perforated so as to enable the jaw l to swing, by which means the relative angles of the adjacent faces of the jaw are changed, the length of this perforation being such as to permit the shank of the movable jaw when hold of an object to become parallel with the handle 1. The spring 10 is used to control the movement of the movable j aw. The spring not only controls the movement of said jaw, but when the wrench is in use enables it to grasp the object, if it be a little large, without being opened to its utmost limit and to enable it, if the pipe be irregular, to pass over the greater diameter without causing the serrations to stick in the object. It will be observed that the collar 7 is pivotally connected to the handle 1 at the joint 8. The said collar is provided at one end with the cylindrical section 18, said section being adapted to slip longitudinally in a corresponding recess formed in the handle.

Thus a pivotal point is formed for the collar, and by means of said collarapivotal point is provided for the movable jaw 4.

The cylindrical section 18 is located at the upper corner of the collar 7 Said section 18 extends all the way across the said collar. The upper surface of the collar 7 is inclined from the section 18 toward the opposite end of the said collar. Thus the said collar is thickest near its pivotal point and gradually diminishes in thickness toward the'free end. By so constructing the collar it will contain a minimum amount of metal and. possess maximum strength. The recess in the opening of the eye 2 that receives the cylindrical section 18 is a trifle more than semicircular, and thus when the cylindrical. section 18 is slipped laterally in said recess the edges of the said recess retain the collar 7 in place, and thus the parts of the wrench are firmly held together and will not rattle or slip out of their proper positions.

The advantage of having the pivotal point of the collar 7 at the end and substantially under the stationary jaw of the wrench is that the thrust between the milled nut and the stationary jaw of the wrench is made more direct.

In the form of the invention as shown in Fig. 5 the shank 3 does not protrude through the perforation 9. Said shank is housed in a recess 19, as shown. The operation of the wrench as shown in Fig. 5 is that described for the form as shown in Fig. 1. In forming the handle 1 of the wrench in order to make a light and stronghandle the metal'is pressed, as shown in section in Fig. 4, and thus the handle in its cross-section is substantially of the shape as an I-beam.

In assembling the parts the collar 7 is first placed in proper position in the opening of the eye 2. The milled nut 6 is then placed in said opening of eye 2. The end of shank 3 of the jaw 4 is then passed through the upper perforation 20 of the eye 2, then through the collar 7, and by turning the nut 6 the thread in the interior of said nut engages the thread of the shank 3. Thus it will be seen that by turning the nut 6 the position of the jaw 41 may be regulated.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a wrench such as described having an eye provided with suitable perforations adapted to receive the shank of a movable jaw, a collar adapted to form a pivotal point for themovable jaw, said collar adapted to receive the shank of the jaw, a cylindrical,

section formed at the upper corner of said collar, a corresponding recess formed in the,

eye, said recess being more than semicircular, said cylindrical sectionadapted to slip longitudinally in said recess and thereby form a pivotal point, the edges of the recess adapted to retain the cylindrical section in position.

2. In a wrench such as described having an eye provided with a suitable perforation adapted to receive the shank of a movable jaw, a collar adapted to form a pivotal point perforations in the sides of the eye, a collar adapted to receive the shank of said movable jaw, a cylindrical section formed at the upper corner of said collar, a corresponding recess located in said eye, said recess being more than semicircular, the cylindrical section of the collar adapted to slip longitudinally in said recess, the edges of said recess adapted to retain said cylindrical section in place, a threaded nut located in the eye and adapted to receive the shank of the movable j aw,the stationary jaw, the pivotal point of the collar and the nut being substantially in the same line of thrust.

4. A wrench consisting of a body portion forming a handle, a stationary jaw located on said handle, an eye formed in said handle, a movable jaw adapted to pass through suitable perforations in the sides of the eye, a collar adapted to receive the shank of said movable jaw, a cylindrical section formed at the upper corner of said collar, a corresponding recess formed in said eye, said recess being more than semicircular, a cylindrical section adapted to slip longitudinally in said recess, the edges of said recess adapted to retain the cylindrical section in place, the upper surface of the collar being inclined from the pivoted end toward the free end, a threaded nut 10'- cated in the opening of the eye and adapted to receive the shank of the movable jaw, the stationary jaw, the pivotal point of the collar and the nut being substantially in the same line of thrust.

In testimony whereof I affix my'signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES M. COOHRAN.

Witnesses:

WM. F. SCHAEFER, J. A. McDoNAeH. 

